English to Portuguese Medical Medical (general)

Retained or residual urine, also referred to as postvoid residual (PVR), occurs if a patient has urinary retention or cannot empty the bladder completely. You can use a portable noninvasive bladder ultrasound device (bladder scanner) or the technique of straight/ intermittent catheterization to assess for PVR. Bladder scanners are often not readily available for nurses to use in all clinical settings, and straight/intermittent catheterization may be the only means to determine bladder urine volume. Regardless of the method used to determine PVR, assess the amount of urine left in the bladder within 10 to 15 minutes after a patient voids (Altschuler and Diaz, 2006). Instruct the patient not to void again before measurement. At least two residuals should be obtained since a patient may empty well one time and not the next. Spastic bladders and some medications and problems such as using a bedpan or not sitting upright to void cause inconsistent emptying. In normal micturition or in a normal void the bladder should empty completely.