Jan 24, 2014 05:58
10 yrs ago
English term

strategic heritage...

English to Chinese Law/Patents Law (general) Constitution
Article 318: “Water is part of the country’s strategic heritage for public use; it is the unalienable property of the State and is not subject to a statute of limitations. It is a vital element for nature and human existence. Any form of water privatization is forbidden…The management of water shall be exclusively public or community-based. The public service of sanitation and the supply of drinking and irrigation water shall be provided only by legal entities of the State or communities.”

第318条:“水是供公众使用的国家战略遗产之一部分,是不可剥夺的国家财产,不受法定时效限制。它是自然和人类赖以生存的重要元素。禁止任何形式的水私有化......水的管理仅可由公共部门或社区进行。公共卫生服务以及饮用和灌溉用水供应仅可由国家或社区的法律实体提供。”

厄瓜多尔宪法(2008版),主要是最后一句,感觉“供应”和“提供”重复了,但若去掉“供应”也不妥,如何修改?

Discussion

David Lin Jan 29, 2014:
它們要 ‘性’ 嗎? 战略游戏、战略纸牌、战略阵地、战略计划、战略攻防蓝图、战略心得、战略目标、战略补给物资、战略装备。它们和战略遗产一样,好像都不大需要 ’性‘,如果硬加上去,个人会觉得有点任 ‘性‘了。而且联合国同仁们的专业操守,也应该信得过的。
clearwater Jan 27, 2014:
如果真要用“战略”,我觉得译成“战略性遗产”比“战略遗产”更合适。
David Lin Jan 27, 2014:
给 oceano: 谢谢你的关心。其实看得出参与建议和讨论的同仁们也各学有专精,非常专业,拿到分数当然好,没有也无所谓的,因为从中我学习良多,有份讨论一国之宪法的翻译,也算荣幸。

很同意你对 Kudoz 的建议,相信如果可以实行出来,会鼓励更多同仁参与讨论,帮助提高中文翻译的素质,我们也可以互相支持、勉励。
oceano (asker) Jan 26, 2014:
同意Lin兄看法。虽然把水视作战略遗产听上去有点别扭,但仔细想来,也算合理。况且法律文本还是应当尽可能直译。
David Lin Jan 26, 2014:
UN Strategic Heritage Plan for Palais des Nations 联合国为其位于瑞士日内瓦的分部通过了一个 Strategic Heritage Plan。UN 的翻译同仁有以下的用法:

联合国日内瓦办事处战略遗产计划

http://www.un.org/french/documents/view_doc.asp?symbol=a/68/...

英文链结:

http://www.unog.ch/__80256ee600581d0e.nsf/(httpPages)/95c60e...

虽然在管理学、环境学或社会学,strategic 一般都会翻译为 ‘策略’,在军事行动或谋略方面如孙子兵法等则会用 ‘战略’, 但是在这个语境,译成 ’战略‘比 ‘重要’ important 具更深的层次意义。

David Lin Jan 26, 2014:
不错。 另 Strategic Heritage 也是联合国用词。待会送上链接。
oceano (asker) Jan 26, 2014:
感谢Lin兄提示!现译文修改为:卫生和供水(饮用水和灌溉用水),作为公共服务,仅可......
David Lin Jan 25, 2014:
2008 年是联合国 International Year of Sanitation. UN 的 World Water Day 则订于每年的 3月22日。有关 sanitation 介绍如下:
Every 20 seconds, a child dies as a result of the abysmal sanitation conditions endured by some 2.6 billion people globally. That adds up to an unconscionable 1.5 million young lives cut short by a cause we know well how to prevent.

Poor sanitation combines with a lack of safe drinking water and inadequate hygiene to contribute to the terrible global death toll. Those who survive face diminished chances of living a healthy and productive existence. Children, especially girls, are forced to stay out of school, while hygiene-related diseases keep adults from engaging in productive work.

http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/2008/sgsm11451.doc.htm

今年的联合国大会辩论主题是 UN General Assembly thematic debate is “Water, Sanitation and Sustainable Energy in the post 2015 development agenda” https://www.un.org/waterforlifedecade/

从上面信息可以看出,虽然 water 和 sanitation 息息相关,但是两者范围极广,需要分开处理。
http://www.unesco.org/new/zh/education/themes/leading-the-in...

基于以上搜寻结果,我个人看法是将 sanitation 和 water 分开翻译比较妥当。况且 Oceano 你也说原文西班牙文也是分开描叙的,那最好依原文处理。
David Lin Jan 25, 2014:
公用服务 public service 在西方社会包含很多方面。公共卫生(例如垃圾收集和处理, 公厕设施), 食水/煤气/电力等供应, 也属于这个范围。我昨天看到相关信息, 回家后会送上分享。不好意思正在忙于预备春节购物, 再谈。:)
oceano (asker) Jan 25, 2014:
若非顾及此为法律条文,strategic heritage完全可以译为重要资源。或者折衷一下,译作重要遗产??
至于最后一句,想来想去,感觉还是应该理解为public service(s) of water sanitation and supply...
TMK729 Jan 25, 2014:
In my opinion, "重要" is acceptable but, for your reference, i prefer to translate it as "具關鍵意義的..." with much emphasis on it importance. Pls refer to dictionary of 陸谷孫. Further, according to 陸谷孫, "heritage", in addition to "遺產, 繼承物..., it may be translated to "命中注定的東西". Applying to the context inquestion, i consider it as a better option but need further fine tuning.
TMK729 Jan 25, 2014:
In my opinion, the sentence can be split into two:
1. The service of sanitation shall be provided only by...
2. The supply of drinking and irrigation water... shall be provided only by ...
oceano (asker) Jan 25, 2014:
再请教各位:末句的“public service of sanitation”究竟是否特指“water sanitation"??? 如果理解为“water sanitation”似乎更容易解释得通(因为这一整段都是专门谈论水的),但从原文(包括西语原文)句式来看,应该并非特指(那样的话,service一词当用复数形式才对)。
David Lin Jan 24, 2014:
strategic 应该是 ‘策略’、‘战略’,还是 ‘重要’?
oceano (asker) Jan 24, 2014:
同意Jyuan_us的看法。其实我原来的理解有误,的确应该解释为public service 包含water sanitation和supply of drinking and irrigation water。如此译为提供服务也更恰当。
clearwater Jan 24, 2014:
element:元素建议改成资源
clearwater Jan 24, 2014:
可以删掉此处的supply。
oceano (asker) Jan 24, 2014:
感谢建议!可是前一句已用了“进行”,或者这里改为“负责”?
clearwater Jan 24, 2014:
许多时候strategic表示的意思是important。

Proposed translations

1 hr
Selected

后边的提供改为“来进行”

公共卫生服务以及饮用和灌溉用水供应,仅可由国家或社区的法律实体来进行

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Note added at 3 hrs (2014-01-24 09:07:20 GMT)
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另一种可能:The public service [of sanitation and the supply of drinking and irrigation water] shall be provided only by legal entities of the State or communities.”

水卫生以及饮用和灌溉用水供应,作为公共服务,仅可由州或社区的法律实体来提供。

这样一来,提供的是服务,不是供应,就不重复了。

水卫生公共服务以及饮用和灌溉用水供应服务,仅可由州或社区的法律实体来提供。

实际上SUPPLY 就是一种服务,因为水资源是国家的,一个法律实体提供的只能是围绕着这个资源所展开的服务。。



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Note added at 4 hrs (2014-01-24 10:02:51 GMT)
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我理解你的顾虑,前一句已经有进行,你不原意让两句话显得重复。然而,既然含有进行的两句话之间已经是句号,重复一下也应没有什么问题。

或者在后边一句加上一个”也“字:

公共卫生服务以及饮用和灌溉用水供应,也仅可由国家或社区的法律实体来进行。

这样,重复字眼就变成了起强调作用了。

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Note added at 17 hrs (2014-01-24 23:05:45 GMT)
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STATE 很可能指州。建议查阅厄瓜多尔行政区划。
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4 KudoZ points awarded for this answer. Comment: "感谢参与讨论的各位!尤其是David Lin(抱歉,又无法给您Kudoz points,Proz网站还需改进呀,应当允许分享Kudoz points给答问者才对)。"
1 hr

策略范围, 来实施

水是国家公共使用策略(保护)范围的一部分

公共卫生服务以及饮用和灌溉用水供应,仅可由国家或社区的法律实体来实施

供参考
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+1
9 hrs

pls see suggestion below

公共衞生服務及供水(飲用水及灌溉用水)服務僅可由國家或社區的法律實體提供。

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Note added at 18 hrs (2014-01-25 00:58:41 GMT)
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In my opinion, "重要" is acceptable but, for your reference, i prefer to translate it as "具關鍵意義的..." with much emphasis on it importance. Pls refer to dictionary of 陸谷孫. Further, according to 陸谷孫, "heritage", in addition to "遺產, 繼承物..., it may be translated to "命中注定的東西". Applying to the context inquestion, i consider it as a better option but need further fine tuning.
Peer comment(s):

agree Joyce Jia
6 hrs
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