Hello and welcome to my profile. I have loved science from a very young age and love to study and read all I can about it. Translation allows me to do just that and get paid for it. I could not have chosen a better job. I have a bachelor's degree in chemistry from the University of São Paulo which really helps me understand scientific information. I believe it is crucial to understand what you are translating in order to write it as clearly as possible in the target language. I have translated hundreds of medical research articles that have been published in international journals. I am also responsible for reviewing and proofreading the articles and abstracts in English of three Brazilian journals, one of medicine, one of nutrition and one of dentistry.


Below are a few sample translations:

From Portuguese to English:

Inúmeros estudos demonstram que o diabetes mellitus é um fator de risco para doenças cardiovasculares. Sua associação à dislipidemia aumenta em duas a quatro vezes o risco de desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares. Este artigo retrata a fisiopatologia da dislipidemia a partir de uma revisão bibliográfica, assim como as intervenções terapêuticas farmacológicas e não farmacológicas a serem adotadas, a fim de realizar-se prevenção das complicações cardiovasculares.

A number of studies have shown that diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. When associated with dyslipidemia, the risk of developing cardiovascular diseases rises two- to fourfold. This article shows the pathophysiology of dyslipidemia based on a literature review, as well as the pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapeutic interventions that can be used to prevent cardiovascular complications.
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Dos 327 estudantes, participaram do estudo 277 (84,7%). Os percentuais de desconhecimento da própria situação vacinal variaram de 43,7% para a hepatite B a 85,6% para o pneumococo. Entre aqueles que haviam recebido alguma vacina, a hepatite B foi a mais realizada (53,8%) e a do pneumococo a menos realizada (2,5%). Quanto às vacinas contra sarampo, caxumba e rubéola, os percentuais de vacinação foram de 40,4%, 37,2% e 31,5%, respectivamente. Os percentuais de vacinação contra tétano, difteria e varicela foram de 51,3%, 33,6% e 15,2%, respectivamente. Do total da amostra, afirmaram conhecer a importância da vacinação 14,4% (com relação ao pneumococo) a 43,3% (com relação à hepatite B).

Most of the 327 students (277 or 84.7%) participated in the study. The percentage of students who did not know their vaccination status for the different vaccines varied from 43.7% for hepatitis B to 85.6% for pneumococcus. The most common vaccination was against hepatitis B (53.8%) and the least common was against pneumococcus (2.5%). The percentages of students vaccinated against the other diseases were as follows: tetanus (51.3%), measles (40.4%), mumps (37.2%), diphtheria (33.6%), rubella (31.5%) and varicella (15.2%). Only 14.4% of the students were aware of the importance of pneumococcus vaccination and 43.3% of hepatitis B vaccination.
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Avaliaram-se 23 cepas de leveduras isoladas de 21 amostras ungueais das mãos e/ou pés. As colônias foram identificadas por CHROMagar Candida® e testes padrões. Para o antifungigrama, utilizou-se o ATB-Fungus 3®, e quando o fluconazol apresentou resistência neste kit, utilizou-se, para confirmação, o teste de disco difusão. Em dois casos houve infecção mista por duas espécies de Candida. Das 23 espécies, 48% eram C. albicans, 26% C. parapsilosis, 8,5% C. tropicalis, 8,5% C. glabrata, 4,3% C. guilliermondii e 4,3% C. famata. Nos testes de suscetibilidade, 48% das espécies apresentaram resistência aos azólicos, sendo 36% C. albicans e 64% espécies não albicans. Todas as cepas resistentes ao fluconazol no ATB-Fungus 3® apresentaram resistência no método de disco difusão. Pacientes com cepas resistentes utilizaram antifúngicos previamente para tratamento de candidíase oral ou onicomicose recorrente.

Twenty-three strains of yeasts from 21 nail samples from fingers or toes were assessed. The colonies were identified using CHROMagar Candida® and standard tests. The ATB-Fungus 3® method was used for antifungal susceptibility testing and when there was resistance to fluconazole, the disk diffusion test was used for confirmation. A mixed infection with two species of Candida was found in two cases. Out of the 23 species found, 48% were C. albicans, 26% were C. parapsilosis, 8.5% were C. tropicalis, 8.5% were C. glabrata, 4.3% were C. guilliermondii and 4.3% were C. famata. In the susceptibility tests, 48% of the species were resistant to azoles, where 36% were C. albicans and 64% were non-albicans species. All fluconazole-resistant strains in the ATB-Fungus 3® method were also resistant in the disk diffusion test. Patients with resistant strains had used antifungal agents before for the treatment of oral candidiasis or recurrent onychomycosis.
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From English into Portuguese:

More recently, the concept of a tethered cord syndrome in which the conus was not low has been proposed. Khoury et al. in 1990 reported a series of thirty-one children, who had bladder instability, unresponsive to conservative management, and in whom radiographical examination showed bony spina bifida occulta, but a conus in normal position.(20) Because the clinical findings of neurogenic bladder dysfunction were similar to those of patients with the usual tethered cord syndrome, characterized by the conus in an abnormally low position, a tentative diagnosis of tethered cord syndrome was entertained. The fila were cut and significant postoperative resolution of urological symptoms occurred in 70% of the patients. There have followed a number of reports of clinical series of children with findings suggestive of a tethered cord syndrome, but in whom the conus was found on neuroimaging with MRI or CT myelography to be in a normal position. In those children, section of the filum terminale resulted in improvement in the clinical findings.(26, 47, 48) In almost all cases, the primary clinical abnormality has been urinary incontinence, which has been considered neurogenic in origin. In some series, surgical intervention has been considered only when there have been additional manifestations of occult spinal dysraphism, such as a cutaneous abnormality and/or the filum found on MRI to be thicker than the normal 2mm and exhibit a signal consistent with fat, a so- called fatty filum. (47, 48) However, in other series, the presence of a neurogenic bladder per se has been enough to justify surgical section of the filum. (26, 35, 36) In the above studies the rate of improvement for urinary symptoms has varied from 60%(36) to as high as 97% (26, 49).

Mais recentemente, foi proposto um conceito de síndrome de medula presa onde o cone não estaria baixo. Em 1990, Khoury et al. relataram uma série de 31 crianças com instabilidade da bexiga que não responderam ao manejo conservador e cujas radiografias revelaram espinha bífida oculta, mas com o cone em posição normal (20). Já que os achados clínicos de bexiga neurogênica eram similares àqueles de pacientes com a síndrome da medula presa comum, ou seja, aquela com o cone em posição excepcionalmente baixa, considerou-se a possibilidade diagnóstica de síndrome de medula presa. Os fila foram cortados, resultando em uma resolução pós-operatória significativa dos sintomas urológicos em 70% dos pacientes. Seguiram-se vários relatos de series de crianças com achados sugestivos de síndrome de medula presa mas cujos cones estavam em posição normal quando investigados com ressonância magnética ou tomografia computadorizada associada à mielografia. Nestas crianças, a seção do filum terminale resultou em melhora dos achados clínicos. (26, 47, 48) Em quase todos os casos, a anomalia clínica principal foi a incontinência urinária, cuja origem foi considerada urogênica. Em algumas séries, considerou-se fazer uma intervenção cirúrgica somente quando havia outras manifestações de disrafismo espinhal oculto, tais como anomalias cutâneas e/ou filum mais espesso que os usuais 2mm, e emitindo um sinal consistente com aquele de tecido lipomatoso quando investigado com ressonância magnética, o chamado filum lipomatoso (47, 48). Porém, em outras séries, a presença da bexiga neurogênica por si só foi suficiente para justificar a seção cirúrgica do filum. (26, 35, 36) Nos estudos acima, os índices de melhora dos sintomas urinários variaram de 60% (36) a até 97% (26, 49).
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